Knitted fabric



1Feb- 27, 1940 H. FLx-:lsHER KNITTED FABRIC Filed April 15. 193s 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Ilj T P T IFIFFIF FTFPF IFI/:IF FP T PFT PFTF F1 T T P/-Tbuig.

/2 4 6 83 Hghxl ATTORNEY Feb. 27, 1940. H F'LEISHER 2,191,883

KNITTED FABRI C Filed April l5, 1938 2 4Sheets-Sheef, 2

. INVENTOR fvyflejshen BY ATTORNEY UNITED ASTATES ser ' PATENT OFFICEKNITTED lFABRIC Harry Fleislier,` Watertown, Conn., assignor toLPrinceton Incorporated, Watertown, Conn., a

corporation of Connecticut Application April 15, 1938, Serial No.202,223

. 1o claims.

This invention relates to knitted fabrics, and more particularly to aknitted fabric wherein the threads or yarns constituting the same arearranged in novel repeating sequences of tucks,

5 floats, plain stitches, and loose laid-in yarns.

One object of this invention is to provide a .new form of knitted fabrichaving repeating sequences of tucks, plain stitches and laid-in yarnsseparated from each other by floats, and producing a. plurality ofparallel diagonal ridges and grooves on one surface thereof.

A still further object is to provide a novel form of knitted fabric ofthe above nature which will be relatively simple in construction, easyto manufacture, iiexible and elastic, non-crushable, substantiallyrun-resisting, pleasing in appearance, and very eilicient and durable inuse.

With these and other objects in view, there has been illustrated on theaccompanying drawings one form in which the invention may beconveniently embodied in practice.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 represents a diagrammatic plan view of a circular twelve feed"knitting machine for producing the improved fabric.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional `view of a portion of theknitting machine. v

Fig. Gais a sectional view of a vportion of the needle-actuating cam,taken on the line 6--8 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of another portion of the needle-actuatingcam, taken on the line 1-1 of F18. 4.

four of the needle beard pressers arranged in the proper sequence toproduce the knitted fabric of this invention.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary side view showing the engagement of a low-cutpresser cam witha lowcutpresser, the needle beard being closed andcasting olf a stitch.

Fig. 10 is a similar view showing the engagement of a low-cut presser'cam with a high-cut Fig. 8 is a fragmentary perspective view of (Cl.Gti- 169) presser-the needle beard remaining open.. for making a tuck.

Fig. 11 is a similar viw showing the engagement of a high-cut pressercam with a low-cut presserthe needle beard remaining open for Iproducing a tuck.

Fig. 12 is a similar view showing thev engagement of a high-cut pressercam with a. high-cut presser, resulting in the closing of the needlebeard and the casting off of a stitch.

Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals denotecorresponding parts l throughout the several views. the numeral Ill f(Fig.y 5) indicates a circular stationary base or table upon which aremounted a plurality of up- I' standing angle brackets Il in circularformation. The brackets II support a stationary ring member I2, whichcarries a plurality of horizontal arcuate plates I3 forming a segmentalsubstantially circular sinker-operating cam memv ber.

Provision is also made of a needle-carrying cylinder I4 which is adaptedto rotate within a stationary annular needle-actuating cylinder camI-the latter being rigidly secured to the sta- I tionary table I0 in theusual manner and located below the level of the stationary ring memberI2. 'I'he rotary needle cylinder Il carries a plurality of long buttneedles I6 and short butt needles I'I- which are arrangedalternatelyaround the cirf l.. cumference of the needle cylinder Il. The needles I6and I1 are adapted to be successively engaged by the grooves of thecylinder cam I5 v (see Figs. 4-7) to cause said needles to travelupwardly and downwardly during the operation 3 of the machine. Each ofthe needles I6 and IIl is provided at its upper end with a spring beardI8 which, when in the open .position shown in Figs. 5, 10 and l1, is'adapted on its downward stroke to catch theyarn or thread. l

Operating between thel successive needles I6 and I'I 'are a series ofhorizontal reciprocating sinkers I9, which are provided on their upperedges with substantially rectangular projections 20 adapted-to travelwithin a horizontalcam groovefzl formed in the sinker-operating arcuatecam plates I3. The cam groove 2| serves to control the outward andinward movement of the vsinkers I9 at the proper times.

Provision is also made of a series of pivotally I mounted verticalpressers 22 which `are adapted to close the spring beards IBof theneedles I6 and I1 when engaged by a plurality of presser cams 25, hereinshown as located at certain selectedonesotthetwelvelsnittingpoints. In

order to hold the pressers 22 away from the spring beards I8 of theneedles I6 and I1 except when engaged by said presser cams 25, provisionis made of a circular coiled spring 23 which surrounds the lower notchedends of said pressers 22. To line up the pressers 22 just in advance ofthe knitting points, provision is made of a plurality of guide cams 24(see Fig. 1), which serve to direct said pressers 22 into position andavoid striking the stationary yarn carriers as the pressers revolve pastsaid carriers.

The T-shaped presser cams 25 serve to push the pressers 22 against thespring beards I8 of the needles I6 and I1 as they pass by so that theyarn will be knitted off the needles to form stitches. It will beunderstood, however, that the presser cams 25 are omitted or released atcertain points so that at said points the thread or yarn will not beknitted off, but will be carried in the needle beards to a later stationwhere the yarn Will be knitted oi and there inlaid with the thread oryarn of this course forming a "tuck.

For producing the improved fabric of this invention, the machine isprovided With twelve knitting stations 26, 21, 28, 29, 30, 3|, 32, 33,34, 35, 36 and 31, to each of which different threads or yarns are fedthrough guides 38 and 39. As most clearly shown in Fig. 4, the cylindercam I5 is provided with a plurality of sets of needleactuating cams 40and 4I to control the up and down motion of the alternating short buttand long butt needles I1 and I6, respectively. Two differentarrangements are employed, as indicated in Fig. 4, wherein the dottedline 42 represents the movements of the short blutt needles I 1, and thedot-and-dash line 43 represents the movements of the long butt needlesI6. At the 40, only the short butt needles I1 will be held up, and atthe cam 4I, only the long butt needles I6 will be held up.

As indicated in the table shown in Fig. 2 the yarns 44-55 inclusive,which are being fed to the knitting stations 26-31 inclusive,respectively, in twelve courses, are acted upon by the long and shortbutt needles I6 and I1 in accordance with the particular arrangement andsetting of the pressers 22, needle cams 40 and 4I, and presser cams 25,at the respective stations.- 'I'he pressers 22 for acting upon thealternating long and short butt needles I6 and I1 are arranged inalternating pairs, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 8; i. e. rst, twopressers with high cuts having low cuts 51. At'the first course (orstation 26), the presser cam 25 is provided with a low cut 58. At thesecond course (or station 21), the presser cam 25 is omitted (asindicated by an X in the last vertical column of the table in Fig. 2),whereby the pressers 22 will be held in inoperative position by thespring 23.

At the third course (or station 28) the presser cam 25 is provided witha high cut 59, and at the fourth course (or station 29) the presser camhas a low cut 58. At the fifth course (or station 38) the presser cam 25is again omitted and at the sixth and seventh courses (or stations 3|and 32), respectively, the pressers cams 25 are each provided with ahigh cut 59.

At the eighth course (or station 33) the presser cam 25 is againomitted, and at the ninth course (or station 34) the presser cam 25 hasa low cut 58. At the tenth course (or station 35) the presser cam 25 isprovided with a high cut 59. 'I'he presser cam 25 is omitted at theeleventh course (or station 36). and the presser cam 25 wales across thefabric.

56, and then two pressers at the twelfth course (or station 31) has alow cut 58.

Throughout the machine the stationary needleactuating cylinder cams 40and 4I are alternated, the cam 4I which raises all the long butt needlesI6 being located at all odd numbered courses, and the cam 40 whichraises the short butt needles I1 being located r at all even numberedcourses.

Referring now to Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12, the

pressers and presser cams are so arranged that` In accordance with theabove construction, theJ yarn 44 at the irst course will be tucked atthe rst Wale (indicated at T in the table of Fig. 2) due to theengagement of a presser 22 having a high cut 56 with a presser cam 25having a low cut 58, then floated on vthe opposite surface of the fabricat the second Wale (indicated at F in said table) due to the short buttneedle I1 being held down in inoperativer position. A plain stitch willoccur at the third Wale (indicated at P) due to the engagement of apresser 22 having a low out 51 with a' presser cam 25 having a low cut58; the yarn Will be floated at the fourth Wale. This sequence ofoperations repeats every four Wales across the fabric.

At the second course, the yarn 45 will be oated n (F) at all oddnumbered Wales due to the omission of the 21. At the even numbered Walesof the second course, the yarn will be picked up by the short buttneedles I1 which are raised at these wales, and loosely laid-in thefabric (indicated at I in Fig. 2). This sequence repeats every twolaid-in yarn differs from a tuck former is similar to a float but isdisposed on the opposite side of the fabric therefrom. This is due tothe fact that the laid-in yarn is fed to the needle on its hook side,whereas the floated yarn is located on the plain side of the fabric. Atucked yarn diifers from a laid-in yarn in that it forms a loop similarto a plain stitch and is embedded relatively tightly in the f fabric,Whereas a laid-in yarn is comparatively loose.

It Will be noted that a in that the presser cam 25 at the second stationl 'I'he yarn 46 at the third ycourse is stitched (P) y at the first Waledue to the fact that long butt needles I1 are raised by the cam 4I andto the engagement of the high-cut presser 22 and highcut presser cam 25,respectively; a float* F" occurs at the second Wale, then a tuck T atthe third Wale due to the engagement of a lowcut presser 22 and ahigh-cut presser cam 25. A oat will also occur at the fourth Wale. Thissequence of operations repeats every four wales.

At the fourth course, the yarn 41 is floated F" at the first wale,tucked T at the second, due to engagement of a high-cut presser 22 witha lowcut presser cam 25, then floated F" at the third Wale and stitchedP at the fourth Wale due to the engagement of a low-cut presser 22 and alow-cut presser cam 25. This sequence repeats every four wales.

In the tth course the yarn 4I is loosely laid-in At the sixth course theyarn 49 is oated (F)` at the first Wale, stitched (P) at the secondWale, due to the engagement of a high-cut presser 22 with a high-cutpresser cam 25; floated (F) at the third Wale and tucked (T) at thefourth Wale, due to the engagement of a low-cut presser 22 and ahigh-cut presser cam 2 5. This sequence also repeats every four Wales.

At the seventh course,` the yarn 50 is acted upon exactly as was theyarn 46 at the third course, the needles, needle cams, pressers andpresser cams being arranged in the same manner.

At the eighth course, the yarn 5l is acted upon exactly as was the yarn45 at the second course, the needles, needle cams, pressers, and pressercams being arranged in the same manner.

At the ninth course, theyarn 52 is acted upon exactly the same as wasthe yarn 44 at the first course, the needles, needle cams, pressers, andpresser cams being arranged the same.

The yarns 53, 54 and 55 at the tenth, eleventh and twelfth'courses,respectively, are acted upon exactly the same as were the yarns 49, 48and 41 at the sixth, fifth and fourth courses, respectively, theneedles, needle cams, pressers and presser cams being arranged in thesame manner.

From the table shown in Fig. 2 served that the above operations Willresult in a fabric having two series of Adiagonally disposed rows ofsuccessive floats which cross each other at alternate wales. Parallel tothe diagonal rows of floats extending upwardly to the right are a seriesof diagonally disposed plain stitches and laid-in yarns starting at thethird, seventh and eleventh courses, arranged in the followingAsequences, respectively: P-I-P,

P-P-I-P--P-I-P, and I-P-P-I-P-P-I-P. Moreover, a seriesv of diagonallydisposed tucks and laid-inyarns, starting at the rst, fifth and ninthcourses, are arranged in the following sequences, respectively: T,I-T-T--I-T, and

Similar rows of tucks, plain stitches and in-lays are disposed parallelto the diagonal rows of floats which extend' downwardly to the right.

Thus, at every two rows starting at the first,

third, fifth and seventh, ninth and eleventh courses, the followingsequences appear:`

fT-I-T-P-I-P-T--IU P--TI-T-P-I-PT, I-P-T-I-T--PI-P, P-I-P-T--IT, andT-P-P, and IT, respectively.

The improved knitted fabric thus formed is shown greatly enlarged andWith its yarns spread apart in Figs. 3A and 3B, from which it Will benoted that the tucked and laid-in yarns form diagonally Adisposed ridgesindicated by a dot and dash line 60, separated by floated yarns formingdiagonally disposed valleys indicated by a dot and dash line 6Ialternating with said ridges.

The yabove described sequence'of the twelve courses shown will berepeated in each succeeding set of twelve courses, producing a knittedfabric machine continues to operate. The side of the fabric having thetucks, plain and laid-in stitches, will be quite rough, while the othersurface having the floats will be relatively smooth.

Whiletherohasbndiscledinthisspeomit will be obas long as the cation oneform in which the invention may be embodied, it is to be understood thatthis form is shown for the purpose of illustration only, and that theinvention is not to be limited to the specific disclosures, but may bemodified and embodied in various other forms Without departing from itsspirit. In short, the invention includes all the modifications andembodiments coming within the scope of the following claims.

Having thus fully described the invention, what is claimed as new, andfor which it is desired to secure Letters Patent, is:

1. A run-resisting knitted fabric repeating every twelve courses andfour wales in which a yarn in every other Wale in every course isfloated, the oats of even numbered courses being located at odd numberedWales and the oats of odd numbered courses being located at evennumbered Wales, producing two groups of diagonal rows of floats crossingeach other at rightkangles throughout the fabric, the yarn at each ofthe second, fifth, eighth and eleventh courses comprising a series ofinlays alternating with the floats.

2. A run-resisting knitted fabric repeating every twelve courses andfour wales in which a yarn in every other Wale in every course isfloated, the floats of even numbered courses being located at oddnumbered Wales and the floats of odd numbered courses being located ateven numbered wales, producing two groups of diagonal rows of floatscrossing each other at rightangles throughout the fabric, the yarn ateach of the second, fth, eighth and eleventh courses comprising a seriesof inlays alternating with the floats, and wherein the diagonal rows offloats Which extend upwardly to the right are interposed first with aseries of yarns having the repeating sequence P--I-P-P-I-P, and thenwith a series of yarns having the repeating sequence T-IT-T-I-T"'throughout the fabric.

3. A run-resisting knitted fabric repeating every twelve courses andfo-ur Wales, in Which a yarn in every other Wale in every course isfloated, the floats of even numbered courses being located at cddnumbered wales and the floats of odd numbered courses being located ateven numbered Wales, producing two groups of diagonal rows of floatscrossing each other at right-angles throughout the fabric, the yarn ateach of the second, fifth, eighth and eleventh courses comprising aseries4 of inlays alternating With the floats, and wherein the diagonallrows of oats which extend upwardly and to the left are. alternated witha series of yarns having the repeating sequence T--I-T-P-I- throughoutthe fabric.

4. A run-resisting knitted fabric repeating every twelve courses andfour wales, in which a yarn in every other Wale in every course isfloated, the floats of even numbered courses be ing located at oddnumbered wales and the floats of odd numbered courses being located ateven numbered wales, producing tWo groups of diagonal rows of floatscrossing each other at rightangles throughout the fabric, the yarn ateach of the second, fifth, eighth and eleventh courses comprising a'series of inlays alternating with the floats, wherein the diagonal rowsof floats which extend upwardly and to the right are interposed whereinthe diagonal rows of oats which extend upwardly and to the left arealternated with a series of yarns having the repeating sequenceT-I-T-P--I-P throughout the fabric.

5. A run-resisting knitted fabric repeating every twelve courses andfour Wales in which a yarn in every other Wale in every course isfloated, the oats of even numbered courses being located at odd numberedwales and the floats of odd numbered courses being located at evennumbered Walls, said fabric also being made up of tucks, plain stitchesand inlays arranged in repeating sequences alternating with the oats inthe rst Wale, T-P-I-P-T-'Ik in the second Wale, I-T-P-I-P-T; in thethird Wale, P-T-I-T-P-I; and in the fourth Wale, I-PfT-I-T-P 6. Aknitted fabric comprising a plurality of courses having yarns iloated atevery even numbered Wale and alternating with a plurality of courseshaving yarns iioated at every odd numbered Wale, and wherein every thirdcourse comprises a series of alternately iioated and laid-in yarns, theremaining courses of vsaid fabric comprising a series of tucks and plainstitches al-I ternating with the floats. v

7. A knitted fabric repeating every twelve courses and every four Walescomprising a plurality of I courses having yarns floated at every evennumbered Wale alternating a plurality of courses With yarns floated atevery odd numbered Wale, and wherein every third course comprises aseries of alternately floated and laid-in yarns.'

the remaining courses of said fabric comprising a series of tucks andplain stitches alternating With the oats, said tucks and stitches beingdisposed at every odd numbered Wale in the first, third, seventh andninth course, and disposed at every other even numbered Wale in thefourth, sixth and tenth course.`

8. A knitted fabric repeating every twelve courses and every four Walescomprising a plurality of courses having yarns oated at every evennumbered Wale and alternating with a plurality of courses having yarnsfloated at every odd numbered Wale, and wherein a series of alternatelyoated and laid-in yarns is disposed at the second, fth, eighth andeleventh courses, and a. series ofl tucks and plain stitches alternatingwith the iioats are alternately disposedin the other courses, said tucksand stitches being disposed at the every other odd numbered Wale in thefirst, third, seventh and ninth courses, and

disposed at every other even numbered Wale in the fourth, sixth andtenth courses.

9. A knitted fabric repeating every v twelve courses and four .Walescomprising a plurality of courses having the yarn floated at every evennumbered Wale and alternating With a plurality of courses having yarnoated at every odd numbered Wale and wherein a series of alternatelyoated and laid-in yarns is disposed at the second, fth, eighth andeleventh courses, the floated yarns in the second and eighth coursesbeing disposed at the odd numbered wales and in the fth and eleventhcourses at the even numbered wales, and wherein a series of tucks andplain stitches alternating with floats are disposed in the othercourses, said tucks and stitches being located at the every other oddnumbered Wale in theiirst, third, seventh and ninth courses and disposedat every other even numbered Wale in the fourth, sixth, and tenthcourses.

10. A knitted fabric repeating every twelve courses and four wales inwhich the yarns of the fabric are made up of tucks, plain stitches,floats and inlays, arranged as follows: rst and ninth F-P-F-T.

HARRY FLEISHER.

